catechol estrogens การใช้

• Estradiol is also metabolized via hydroxylation into catechol estrogens.
• Aside from sulfate conjugation, EE is mainly metabolized by hydroxylation into catechol estrogens.
• The catechol estrogens are endogenous metabolites of estradiol and estrone and include the following compounds:
• A "'catechol estrogen "'is a steroidal estrogen that contains catechol ( 1, 2-dihydroxybenzene ) within its structure.
• For instance, 2-hydroxyestrone reportedly shows negligible uterotrophic effect in animals, whereas 4-hydroxy catechol estrogens show moderate changes in stimulating uterine weight.
• UGT2B7 has unique specificity for 3, 4-catechol estrogens and estriol, suggesting that it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent estrogen metabolites.
• Similarly to estradiol and estrone, catechol estrogens possess estrogenic activity . 2-Hydroxylated catechol estrogens are weak and possibly antiestrogenic estrogens, whereas their 4-hydroxylated counterparts are more potent in their estrogenic activity.
• Similarly to estradiol and estrone, catechol estrogens possess estrogenic activity . 2-Hydroxylated catechol estrogens are weak and possibly antiestrogenic estrogens, whereas their 4-hydroxylated counterparts are more potent in their estrogenic activity.
• Some estrogen metabolites, such as the catechol estrogens 2-hydroxyestradiol, 2-hydroxyestrone, 4-hydroxyestradiol, and 4-hydroxyestrone, as well as 16?-hydroxyestrone, are also estrogens with varying degrees of activity.
• The catechol estrogens are formed from estradiol and estrone by cytochrome P450 enzymes predominantly in the liver but also in extrahepatic tissues, and are reactive quinones and semiquinones, and this has been hypothesized to contribute to estrogen-induced carcinogenesis.
• The most abundant catechol estrogen in serum and urine is 2-hydroxyestrone, with 2-hydroxyestradiol and 2-hydroxyestriol also being formed, while the principal 4-hydroxy catechol estrogen, 4-hydroxyestrone, is present in only small amounts in urine.
• The most abundant catechol estrogen in serum and urine is 2-hydroxyestrone, with 2-hydroxyestradiol and 2-hydroxyestriol also being formed, while the principal 4-hydroxy catechol estrogen, 4-hydroxyestrone, is present in only small amounts in urine.